Nuclear Safety Research and Development at the Department of Energy

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SPEAKER:
ALAN LEVIN, PH.D.

SENIOR TECHNICAL ADVISOR AT THE DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY’S OFFICE OF NUCLEAR SAFETY

DATE/TIME:
MON, 10/05/2015 - 4:00PM TO 5:00PM
LOCATION:
3105 ETCHEVERRY HALL
Fall 2015 Colloquium Series
Abstract:

The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) has established a corporate Nuclear Safety Research and Development (NSR&D) Program, managed by the Office of Nuclear Safety in DOE’s Office of Environment, Health, Safety and Security.  The primary objectives of the program are the identification, support, and dissemination of the results of R&D to address cross-cutting nuclear safety issues relevant to the design, construction, and operation of DOE civilian and defense nuclear facilities, to improve nuclear safety at those facilities.  This presentation discusses the DOE NSR&D Program’s background and establishment, current projects and near-term objectives, and the Office of Nuclear Safety’s plans for enhancing and expanding the Program’s activities. The NSR&D Program was formally established in 2011, and the first projects to be supported by the Program were selected in 2013.  A DOE-wide call for proposals is distributed each year, and the proposals submitted are evaluated by the NSR&D Committee, composed of representatives from National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA) and DOE program offices responsible for oversight of nuclear facilities and chaired by the Office of Nuclear Safety’s NSR&D Program Manager.  In addition to the projects undertaken as a result of the calls for proposals, the Office of Nuclear Safety initiates projects involving the preparation of technical reports addressing cross-cutting nuclear safety issues.  As the NSR&D projects are completed, the resulting hardware, software, and methodologies will be used to augment and/or improve DOE nuclear safety policy, procedures, operations, and oversight.  The Office of Nuclear Safety continues to work closely with NNSA and DOE program offices to expand the number and scope of NSR&D projects, and to look for opportunities to collaborate with other organizations to identify and study nuclear safety issues relevant to DOE’s nuclear facilities.

About the Speaker:

Dr. Alan Levin is a senior technical advisor in the Department of Energy’s Office of Nuclear Safety, and is also the manager of DOE’s corporate Nuclear Safety Research and Development Program.  He has more than 35 years’ experience in nuclear reactor and facility design, safety, testing, regulation, and quality assurance.  Prior to joining DOE in 2013, he was a senior staff member in regulatory affairs at AREVA, working on a range of issues related to new reactor licensing, post-Fukushima modifications to existing plants, and medical applications of nuclear technology.  Dr. Levin’s professional experience includes nearly 15 years with the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, where he worked in the Offices of Nuclear Reactor Regulation and Nuclear Regulatory Research, and served as a member of Chairman Richard Meserve’s personal staff.  Before joining the NRC, Dr. Levin was a faculty member in Georgia Tech’s Nuclear Engineering and Health Physics Program, where his research included thermal-hydraulics, accident analysis, and testing on advanced water-cooled and gas-cooled reactors.  He began his career at Oak Ridge National Laboratory, where he worked on the breeder reactor safety program.  Dr. Levin holds a Bachelor’s degree in Mechanical Engineering and a doctorate in Nuclear Engineering, both from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.  He is a licensed Professional Engineer in Maryland and Illinois.  He is also a Fellow of the American Nuclear Society, and is a past-Chair of both the Washington, D.C. ANS Section and ANS’s Nuclear Installations Safety Division.  He served on the ANS Board of Directors from 2007-2010.

INL’s Advanced Modeling & Simulation Capabilities for Nuclear Applications

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SPEAKER:
RICHARD MARTINEAU, PH.D.

DIRECTOR OF NS&T M&S

DATE/TIME:
MON, 09/28/2015 - 4:00PM TO 5:00PM
LOCATION:
***247 CORY HALL***
Fall 2015 Colloquium Series
Abstract:

**PLEASE NOTE TIME AND LOCATION CHANGE FOR THIS TALK**

The Multiphysics Object Oriented Simulation Environment (MOOSE) developed at Idaho National Laboratory (INL) represents a novel approach toward nuclear reactor simulation. MOOSE is an HPC development and runtime framework that utilizes a modular approach, allowing scientists and engineers to rapidly create new fully coupled, multiphysics applications. At INL and other institutions, a number of different physics simulation capabilities have been developed based on the MOOSE framework in support of nuclear applications for DOE programs, such as NEAMS, CASL, LWRS, etc. Recent MOOSE framework developments have enabled the efficient combination of multiple, independently developed applications with the goal of achieving massive, multiscale calculations. These developments, which include both a flexible execution strategy and a sophisticated data exchange facility, allow MOOSE-based applications to run concurrently while exchanging data, a process we have termed "multi-coupling". Here, this multi-coupling procedure will be demonstrated for several reactor centric physics to display the algorithmic capability in MOOSE to preform multiphysics simulations of LWRs.

 

About the Speaker:

Dr. Richard Martineau (INL) began employment at the INL in July of 1989. He is Director of INL?s Nuclear Science & Technology Modeling and Simulation. Rich is responsible for those aspects of developing advanced numerical methods, scientific numerical packages, high-performance computing frameworks, and multiphysics analysis tools for nuclear power applications. Dr. Martineau has twenty-five years experience conducting computational fluid dynamics research and investigations. Expertise includes computational fluid dynamics, nonlinear coupling methods for multiphysics applications, compressible material dynamics (including stress wave phenomena and shock physics), fluid dynamics and heat transfer theory, and thermodynamics. Dr. Martineau is the primary developer of the MOOSE-based application called Bighorn, which is designed to simulate single- and multi-phase conjugate heat transfer domains. He is also the programmatic and technical lead on the development of RELAP-7, the next generation nuclear reactor systems analysis capability. Dr. Martineau obtained a Ph.D. in Mechanical Engineering from the University of Idaho.

Neutron Scattering from Baghdad to Berkeley

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SPEAKER:
PROFESSOR LEE BERNSTEIN

DEPARTMENT OF NUCLEAR ENGINEERING, UCB

LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATIONAL LABORATORY

DATE/TIME:
MON, 09/21/2015 - 4:00PM TO 5:00PM
LOCATION:
3105 ETCHEVERRY HALL
Fall 2015 Colloquium Series
Abstract:

Neutron-induced reactions generate energy in reactors and weapons, and are responsible for the formation of virtually all of the elements heavier than iron.  However, more than 80 years after the discovery of the neutron by Chadwick, we still lack the ability to accurately predict the interaction of neutrons with matter due to the rich complexities of nuclear physics.  The result is that all of the information about neutron scattering used in nuclear science and engineering applications come from a combination of careful experiment and evaluation.  Unfortunately, there is a paucity of inelastic neutron scattering data for the majority of the stable nuclides at energies well-above room temperature.  The single largest body of such data was taken at the Al-Tuwaitha research facility outside of Baghdad in the 1970s.  This “Baghdad Atlas” contains neutron scattering data for more than 75 stable nuclides taken over the course of 1000’s of hours of careful experimentation.  Unfortunately, the reactor at Al-Tuwaitha was “decommissioned” in the first Gulf War, and only a handful of copies of the Atlas survived.  The newly formed Data Evaluation for Applied Nuclear Science (DEANS) group at the UC-Berkeley department of nuclear engineering has taken on the task of compiling and evaluating data and performing complementary experiments using neutron sources on the UC campus and laboratories throughout the world.  In this talk I will give an update on the status of neutron scattering data, tell the story of the “Baghdad Atlas” and discuss the steps we are taking in Berkeley to improve our understanding of the interactions of neutrons with the world around us.  This work was supported the US department of energy under grants DE-AC02-05CB11231
(Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory) and DE-AC52-07NA27344 (Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory) and the UC Office of the President.

Peering into Thermonuclear Plasmas at the National Ignition Facility

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SPEAKER:
DANIEL CASEY, PH.D. AND LAURA ROBIN BENEDETTI, PH.D.

STAFF SCIENTISTS

LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATIONAL LABORATORY

DATE/TIME:
MON, 09/14/2015 - 4:00PM TO 5:00PM
LOCATION:
3105 ETCHEVERRY HALL
Fall 2015 Colloquium Series
Abstract:

The goal of inertial confinement fusion (ICF) is to release copious amounts of energy by compressing isotopes of hydrogen to extreme conditions: i.e. densities and pressures, existing only for a few pico-seconds, that exceed those found in the core of our sun. The National Ignition Facility (NIF) was built to explore these conditions and attempt to demonstrate controlled thermonuclear fusion in the laboratory. The diagnoses of these extreme conditions at the short timescales and in the harsh environments where they exist is very challenging indeed.  A suite of world-class diagnostics (including optical, x-ray, and neutron detectors) have been developed to accomplish these goals.  This talk with introduce some basic requirements of ICF and techniques used to diagnose these experiments. Additionally, it will discuss a few techniques we are exploring for the future.

About the Speaker:

Daniel Casey and Laura Robin Benedetti are staff scientists at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory studying inertial confinement fusion (ICF) at the National Ignition Facility (NIF).  They work on diagnosing and understanding the properties of ICF implosions as the implosion achieves its highest densities and temperatures (stagnation).

Daniel Casey also performs experiments to study the growth of hydrodynamic instabilities of imploding capsules that can impede performance.  Previously, he helped design and commission the magnetic recoil spectrometer that measures the neutron spectrum of NIF implosions. Dr. Casey obtained his B.S. degree in Nuclear Engineering from the University of New Mexico (2005) and a Ph. D. in Applied Plasma Physics from the department of Nuclear Science and Engineering at MIT (2012).

Laura Robin Benedetti also probes the properties of materials at extreme pressures, temperatures, and strain rates.  Additionally, she is a world recognized expert at high speed x-ray imaging instruments and related technologies. Prior to working at LLNL she studied the physical and chemical properties of materials in giant planets.  Dr. Benedetti has a B.S. degree in Aerospace Engineering and a B. A. in Philosophy from the University of Southern California (1994) and a Ph.D. in Physics from University of California Berkeley (2001).

The creation of the sword “Berkelium” through authentic Saxon sword manufacturing techniques

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SPEAKER:
HI VO, DAVID FRAZER, NATHAN BAILEY

HOSEMANN GROUP

DEPARTMENT OF NUCLEAR ENGINEERING

UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, BERKELEY

DATE/TIME:
MON, 08/31/2015 - 4:00PM TO 5:00PM
LOCATION:
3105 ETCHEVERRY HALL
Fall 2015 Colloquium Series
Abstract:

Last year, a new competition was created at the annual Metals Minerals and Materials Society’s (TMS) conference for smithing historically accurate blades.  Hearing of this challenge, UCB quickly formed a team of students led by Prof. Hosemann.  This teamed joined with local artisan blacksmith Jim Austin for his expert guidance and experience.  Utilizing Saxon sword manufacturing processes, the team smelted magnetite ore into ingots.  These ingots were forged into strips, and forged-welded together to create the body of the blade.  The final shape of the blade was achieved through hand-hammering and lengthy mechanical polishing.  Finally, after a hardening heat treatment, a handle was affixed and the sword “Berkelium” was formed!  Along the way to the completion of the sword, the team characterized samples of the blade material during the manufacturing steps to understand the evolving microstructures during smelting, forging and hardening.  At the TMS conference the UCB team was awarded “best example of a traditional blade process / ore smelting technique.”

Consortium for Verification Technology

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SPEAKER:
DR. SARA POZZI

DIRECTOR, DETECTION FOR NUCLEAR NONPROLIFERATION GROUP

DEPARTMENT OF NUCLEAR ENGINEERING AND RADIOLOGICAL SCIENCES

UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN

DATE/TIME:
MON, 02/02/2015 - 4:00PM TO 5:00PM
LOCATION:
3105 ETCHEVERRY HALL
Spring 2015 Colloquium Series
Abstract:

The Consortium for Verification Technology (CVT), consists of thirteen leading universities and nine national laboratories, working together to provide the research and development and human capital needed to address technology and policy issues in treaty-compliance monitoring. The underlying issues include nuclear nonproliferation and safeguards in support of the mission of the NNSA’s Defense Nuclear Nonproliferation Research and Development office. In this presentation, I will describe the major gaps and emerging challenges in treaty verification that the CVT will address in six thrust areas: (i) treaty verification: characterizing existing gaps and emerging challenges, (ii) fundamental data and techniques, (iii) advanced safeguards tools for accessible facilities, (iv) detection of undeclared activities and inaccessible facilities, (v) disarmament verification, and (vi) education and outreach.

Over the next five years, the CVT will deliver new instruments and methods for nuclear nonproliferation, safeguards, and arms control treaty verification. We will educate more than 60 Bachelors, Masters, and Ph. D. students with the talent, training, and commitment to meet the current and emerging challenges in this field. These graduates will have strong ties to the national laboratory system thanks to the collaborative research projects in which they will be engaged.

About the Speaker:

Professor Sara Pozzi earned her M.S. and Ph.D. in nuclear engineering at the Polytechnic of Milan, Italy in 1997 and 2001, respectively.  Following her doctorate, she spent six years as a staff scientist at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), where she most recently held the position of Senior Staff. In 2007, she joined the Department of Nuclear and Radiological Sciences at the University of Michigan where she established and is the leader of the Detection for Nuclear Nonproliferation Group (DNNG). Her research interests include the development of new methods for nuclear materials detection, identification, and characterization for nuclear nonproliferation, nuclear material control and accountability, nuclear safeguards, and national security programs.

Prof. Pozzi is the director of the Consortium for Verification Technology, a consortium of 13 universities and 9 national laboratories dedicated to the development of new technologies for nuclear treaty verification. She is the co-author of the Monte Carlo code MCNPX-PoliMi, which is being used at over 50 institutions world-wide. Her publication record includes over 300 papers in journals and international conference proceedings. She was invited to give over 50 seminars, both nationally and internationally. As the DNNG leader, she advises 14 doctoral students and many undergraduate students, and is the faculty advisor for the Institute of Nuclear Materials Management (INMM) student chapter.

She is the recipient of many awards, including the 2006 Oak Ridge National Laboratory Early Career Award, 2006 Department of Energy, Office of Science, Outstanding Mentor Award, 2009 INMM Central Region Chapter, Special Service Award, 2012 INMM Edway R. Johnson Meritorious Service Award, and 2012 UM Nuclear Engineering and Radiological Sciences Department, Outstanding Achievement Award.

CASL Status, Plans, and Challenges

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SPEAKER:
DR. DOUGLAS KOTHE

DIRECTOR, CONSORTIUM FOR ADVANCED SIMULATION OF  LIGHT WATER REACTORS (CASL)

DATE/TIME:
MON, 01/26/2015 - 4:00PM TO 5:00PM
LOCATION:
3105 ETCHEVERRY HALL
Spring 2015 Colloquium Series
Abstract:

Energy Innovation Hubs established by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) strive to enable and accelerate translational research. Hubs focus on a single topic, with the objective of rapidly bridging the gaps between basic research, engineering development, and commercialization through a close partnership with industry. To achieve this goal, the Hubs necessarily consist of large, highly integrated and collaborative creative teams working to solve priority technology challenges. For the Consortium for Advanced Simulation of Light Water Reactors (CASL), in operation since 2010 as the first Hub by the DOE Office of Nuclear Energy, the focus is on commercial nuclear power generation, specifically the modeling and simulation (M&S) of nuclear reactors currently on the grid in the U.S. CASL not only strives to bring innovation to the nuclear energy enterprise but also to help retain and strengthen U.S. leadership in two DOE mission areas: HPC-enabled M&S and nuclear energy.

After a brief overview of CASL’s vision, mission, and strategic goals, the status of CASL’s R&D activities and products will be reviewed, with illustrative examples given where possible in the areas of radiation transport, thermal hydraulics, fuel performance, verification and validation (V&V), uncertainty quantification (UQ), and multiphysics coupling models and algorithms. These examples will be given within the context of CASL’s Virtual Environment for Reactor Applications (VERA). As CASL prepares for a possible second five years of execution, specific R&D plans and challenges will be reviewed, with suggestions for collaboration activities and opportunities.

About the Speaker:

Douglas B. Kothe (Doug) is the Director of the Consortium for Advanced Simulation of
Light Water Reactors, a DOE Innovation Hub at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL). Doug has been at ORNL since 2006 when he became the Director of Science in the ORNL National Center of Computational Sciences. Doug holds a PhD in Nuclear Engineering in 1987 from Purdue University, where his research focused on computational applications for inertial confinement fusion while serving as a Graduate Research Assistant at Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL). After a brief period in the defense science program at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Doug worked at LANL for 20 years (prior to coming to ORNL) where he held a number of research, program, and line management positions in applied and fundamental defense-related R&D programs sponsored by the DOE, NASA, DoD, and private industry. Doug’s research interests and expertise lies in the development of physical models and numerical algorithms for the simulation of a wide variety of physical processes in the presence of incompressible and compressible fluid flow.

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