Berkeley Nuclear Free Act: Past and Future

GordonWozniak_0
AndrewGreenop_0 (1)
SPEAKERS:
GORDON WOZNIAK
ANDREW GREENOP
DATE/TIME:
MON, 12/04/2017 - 4:00PM TO 5:00PM
LOCATION:
3105 ETCHEVERRY HALL
Fall 2017 Colloquium Series
Abstract:

The Berkeley Nuclear Free Act was passed as a voter initiative in 1986 and established the City of Berkeley as a Nuclear Free Zone.  This had ramifications on the City of Berkeley’s relationships with the University of California and Lawrence Berkeley National Lab as well as the City’s investments and business contracts.  Since global politics and the number of nuclear weapons states have changed since the original law passed, this law should be updated for the current global political climate.  Therefore, we are planning on putting a voter initiative on the 2018 ballot for the City of Berkeley that updates the law and shifts its focus to the existential threat of nuclear weapons and to promoting nonproliferation.

Gordan and Andrew invite you to stay after the Colloquium to discuss getting involved in the voter initiative. 

About the Speaker:
Gordon Wozniak's Biography

In 1966 Gordon moved to Berkeley from Iowa to attend graduate school. He received his PhD from UC Berkeley in Nuclear Chemistry and worked as a research scientist at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory for over 30 years, where he co-authored over 200 nuclear physics papers.

While pursuing his research career, he served on several city commissions: Planning, Parks & Recreation, and Environmental. In December 2002, he was elected to Berkeley's City Council and served for three terms before retiring in 2014.

During his retirement, he spends his time babysitting his three grandchildren and traveling with his wife to historic sites, including Captain James T. Kirk’s future birthplace in Riverside, Iowa. Currently, he serves on a Citizens Budget Group, which is tasked with advising the Mayor and City Council on how to make the City’s budget more transparent. He is also involved with the Infrastructure2050 group that is advocating for modernizing Berkeley’s infrastructure by 2050 so that Berkeley can meet its Resilience and Climate Action Goals.

 

Andrew Greenop's Biography

Andrew Greenop is currently a PhD candidate for Nuclear Engineering at the University of California, Berkeley. He received a B.S. in Mechanical Engineering and a B.S. in Mathematics from Christian Brothers University in Memphis, TN in 2012. He then obtained his M.S. in Nuclear Engineering from UC Berkeley in May of 2016.  He currently works in the Thermal Hydraulics labs in the Nuclear Department at UC Berkeley, which focuses on the development and design of the Mark 1 Pebble-Bed Fluoride Salt Cooled High Temperature Reactor (Mk1 PB-FHR). His focus is specifically on heat exchanger simulation, design optimization, and experimental modeling.  Andrew has been active with nuclear policy and outreach throughout his graduate career.  He has been a delegate for the Nuclear Engineering Student Delegation in Washington D.C. the past 2 summers.  This delegation meets with members of Congress and their staff to advocate for bills and policy that support the funding and growth of nuclear education and technology.  He has marched with environmental groups in both San Francisco and Chicago to prevent the premature closing of nuclear power plants in those areas. He is also involved in the Nuclear Environmental Outreach Group, an on-campus club that focuses on educating the public about the safety and necessity of nuclear power and advocate for nuclear technology.

Progress in Developing High Dose Radiation Tolerant Ferritic Steels for Nuclear Applications

stuartmaloy
SPEAKER:
STUART MALOY

TEAM LEADER FOR THE RADIATION SCIENCE TEAM IN MST-8

LOS ALAMOS NATIONAL LABORATORY

DATE/TIME:
MON, 11/27/2017 - 4:00PM TO 5:00PM
LOCATION:
3105 ETCHEVERRY HALL
Fall 2017 Colloquium Series
Abstract:

The Nuclear Technology R&D program is investigating options to transmute minor actinides. To achieve this goal, new fuels and cladding materials must be developed and tested to high burnup levels (e.g. >20%) requiring cladding to withstand very high doses (greater than 200 dpa) while in contact with the coolant and the fuel. New ferritic/martensitic and ferritic Oxide Dispersion Strengthened (ODS) alloys are being developed with improved radiation tolerance. The ferritic/martensitic alloys include slight variations in the composition of HT-9 to improve resistance to low temperature embrittlement and void swelling. In addition, ferritic ODS alloys are being processed into tube form and tested for future nuclear applications. Recent progress in high dose irradiated materials testing and materials development will be presented.

About the Speaker:

Stuart Maloy is a Team Leader for MST-8 (materials at radiation and dynamic extremes) at Los Alamos National Laboratory(where he has worked for 28 years) and is the advanced reactor core materials technical leader for the Nuclear Technology Research and Development’s Advanced Fuels campaign and the NEET Reactor Materials Technical Lead for DOE-NE.  He has a Bachelors (’89) Masters (’91) and PhD (’94) in Materials Science from Case Western Reserve University and is a registered PE in Metallurgy.  He has applied his expertise to characterizing and testing the properties of metallic and ceramic materials in extreme environments such as under neutron and proton irradiation at reactor relevant temperatures. This includes testing the mechanical properties (fracture toughness and tensile properties) of Mod 9Cr-1Mo, HT-9, 316L, 304L, Inconel 718, Al6061-T6 and Al5052 after high energy proton and neutron irradiations using accelerators and fast reactors. Characterization of materials after testing includes using transmission electron microscopy for analyzing defects such as dislocations, twins and second phases, using high resolution electron microscopy to characterize defects at an atomic level and nanoscale mechanical testing. Stuart has >180 peer reviewed technical publications and numerous presentations.

MSR Safeguards Considerations and Challenges

AndrewWorrall
SPEAKER:
ANDREW WORRALL

FUEL CYCLE TECHNOLOGY R&D LEADER, AND DEPUTY DIRECTOR OF GAIN

OAK RIDGE NATIONAL LABORATORY 

DATE/TIME:
MON, 11/20/2017 - 4:00PM TO 5:00PM
LOCATION:
3105 ETCHEVERRY HALL
Fall 2017 Colloquium Series
Abstract:

Molten Salt Reactors (MSRs) include a large number of reactor and fuel cycle variants, some with liquid fuels others with solid fuels. As a new reactor concept, and one that in many cases includes liquid fuels that involve some form of fuel processing, there is a need to evaluate how safeguards can be applied or needs to be developed, both in terms of the safeguards approaches, and the safeguards technology. This talk will introduce the objective of safeguards, and explain why MSRs require potentially different safeguards approaches and technologies compared with current reactors and fuel cycles, as well as highlight why an early dialogue on safeguards with the reactor vendors is needed.

About the Speaker:

Andrew Worrall is the Fuel Cycle R&D Technology Leader for the Reactor and Nuclear Systems Division at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), and the Deputy Director of the DOE Office of Nuclear Energy initiative Gateway for Accelerated Innovation in Nuclear (GAIN).  Andrew received a B.S. in Applied Physics from Lancaster University, UK, in 1992 and M.S. in Physics and Technology of Nuclear Reactors from the University of Birmingham, UK, in 1993.  Andrew is a Fellow of the Institute of Physics, a Chartered Physicist, and was previously a Royal Academy of Engineering Professor of Nuclear Engineering in the UK. In December 2014, the US DOE Office of Nuclear Energy appointed Andrew as the Laboratory Lead Coordinator for nuclear energy research programs with the UK. Andrew has almost 25 years of professional experience in the United Kingdom and the United States working on and leading multi-disciplinary and multi-national projects in the fields of reactor physics, fuel and core design, plutonium disposition, fuel development and fuel cycle analysis (technical, economics, and safeguards).

Is Nuclear Arms Control Dead?

michael-nacht_200_280_80
SPEAKER:
MICHAEL NACHT

THOMAS AND ALISON SCHNEIDER PROFESSOR OF PUBLIC POLICY, GOLDMAN SCHOOL OF PUBLIC POLICY, UC BERKELEY.  ASSISTANT SECRETARY OF DEFENSE FOR GLOBAL STRATEGIC AFFAIRS (2009-2010, ON LEAVE FROM UC BERKELEY)

DATE/TIME:
MON, 11/13/2017 - 4:00PM TO 5:00PM
LOCATION:
3105 ETCHEVERRY HALL
Fall 2017 Colloquium Series
Abstract:

co-hosted by the Nuclear Science and Security Consortium (http://nssc.berkeley.edu/)

The tense international environment with poor U.S.- Russia relations, and great tensions in US-North Korea and US-Iran relations, has called into question whether negotiated nuclear arms control agreements have any future. If not, what does this portend for nuclear weapons proliferation and even nuclear weapon use?

Topics being covered:

1.  Value of bilateral and multilateral nuclear arms control in the past

2.  The Obama legacy and the response of Russia ("escalate to deescalate"), China, India, Pakistan

3.  Current Issues:

a.  New START Treaty

b.  INF Treaty

c.  NPT

d.  CTBT

e.  Space and Cyber Issues

4. Nuclear Proliferation Prospects

a.  North Korea  -  South Korea, Japan, Taiwan

b.  Iran and the JPCOA

c.  Others - Saudi Arabia, Turkey, Egypt, others (?)

d.  Nuclear Terrorism - ISIS, AL QAEDA

5.  Trump Administration Nuclear Posture Review (Spring 2018)

About the Speaker:

Michael Nacht holds the Thomas and Alison Schneider Chair in Public Policy.  From 1998-2008 he was Aaron Wildavsky Dean of the Goldman School.  He is a specialist in U.S. national security policy; science, technology and public policy; and management strategies for complex organizations.

He is the author or co-author of six books and more than eighty articles and book chapters on nuclear weapons policy; regional security issues affecting Russia and China, the Middle East and East Asia; cyber and space policy; counter-terrorism and homeland security; international education; and public management.  He recently co-edited and co-authored Strategic Latency and World Power:  How Technology Is Changing Our Concepts of Security published by the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Center for Global Security Research.

Nacht served as Assistant Secretary of Defense for Global Strategic Affairs (2009-2010), after unanimous U.S. Senate confirmation, for which he received the Distinguished Public Service Award, the Department’s highest civilian honor.  Previously, he was Assistant Director for Strategic and Eurasian Affairs of the U.S. Arms Control and Disarmament Agency (1994-97), during which time he participated in five Presidential summits, four with Russian President Yeltsin and one with Chinese President Jiang Zemin.

He is currently chair of the Policy Focus Area for the Nuclear Science and Security Consortium led by the U.C. Berkeley Department of Nuclear Engineering. He is also co-investigator of a new Department of Defense Minerva Research Project on “Deterring Complex Threats” with colleagues from UC San Diego.

He received a B.S. in Aeronautics and Astronautics and an M.S. in Operations Research from New York University and a Ph.D. in Political Science from Columbia University.

Homogeneity and Isotropy Restoration (HIRE) Theoretic Derivation of Multigroup Transport Equations

NamZinCho
SPEAKER:
NAM ZIN CHO

PROFESSOR EMERITUS OF NUCLEAR AND QUANTUM ENGINEERING

KOREA ADVANCED INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY (KAIST)

DATE/TIME:
MON, 11/06/2017 - 4:00PM TO 5:00PM
LOCATION:
3105 ETCHEVERRY HALL
Fall 2017 Colloquium Series
Abstract:

The talk discusses a new derivation of the multigroup transport equations, that maintain angle-independency in the total cross section and homogeneity in a material region.  In this HIRE theory,  partial current discontinuity factors (PCDFs) at the material region interface play a crucial role in providing energy condensation equivalence. The PCDFs are efficiently determined by the Jacobian-free Newton-Krylov (JFNK) procedure.

About the Speaker:

Following his Ph.D. in nuclear engineering from University of California at Berkeley in 1980, he worked at Science Applications, Inc in Palo Alto and at Brookhaven National Laboratory in Long Island. In 1987, he joined the faculty at Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) in Korea, where he has been mostly involved in teaching and research in reactor physics and neutron transport computational methods. He became a professor emeritus in September 2014. He is Associate Editor of Nuclear Science and Engineering, and Fellow of American Nuclear Society.

Fukushima Accident, Six years on – How an antimatter physicist reacted to the Fukushima Accident

RyugoHayano
SPEAKER:
RYUGO HAYANO

EMERITUS PROFESSOR 

UNIVERSITY OF TOKYO

DATE/TIME:
MON, 10/30/2017 - 4:00PM TO 5:00PM
LOCATION:
3105 ETCHEVERRY HALL
Fall 2017 Colloquium Series
Abstract:

I will first discuss briefly why an “antimatter physicist” started to work actively in Fukushima.  I will then focus on the present situation in Fukushima from the radiological protection view point, and discuss what are the lessons we have learned in these six years.

The Fukushima Daiichi accident contaminated the soil of densely-populated regions of Fukushima Prefecture with radioactive cesium, which poses risks of internal and external exposures to the residents.

Our extensive surveys however showed that the internal exposure levels of Fukushima residents are negligibly low.  Nevertheless, families with small children are still much concerned about internal exposures.  We therefore developed a whole body counter for small children, called the ‘BABYSCAN’, with which we have scanned more than 10,000 babies, and have shown that Fukushima babies are free of radiocesium.

As for the external exposure, we launched a project to compare personal doses of high-school students living in Fukushima, outside of Fukushima, France, Poland and Belarus.  This study, participated by more than 200 students and teachers, has clearly shown that the external doses in Fukushima are well within the range of natural background.

These are good news, but the fact remains that nearly 50,000 people are still unable to return even though the radiation level in most areas have become low enough.  The problems in Fukushima, after six years, are mostly psychosocial, rather than radiation risks.

About the Speaker:

Ryugo Hayano is Emeritus Professor at the University of Tokyo.  He has been the spokesperson of an “antimatter” research team called “ASACUSA”, at CERN’s antiproton decelerator facility, since 1997.  In 2008 he received the Nishina Memorial Prize, the most prestigious physics prize in Japan, for his study.

Since March 2011, his tweets related to the Fukushima Dai-ichi accident attracted some 150,000 followers; his activities in Fukushima include systematic measurement of school lunch for radiocaesium, study of internal exposures using whole body counters, development of a whole-body counter for small children (BABYSCAN), and comparison of external radiation doses of high school students living in Fukushima, outside of Fukushima, France, Poland and Belarus. He is also known as the author of a successful book “We want to know - a conversation about radiation and its effects in the aftermath of the accident”.

Working with Journalists for Better Reporting on Radiation Incidents

Carolyn profile (6)_0
SPEAKER:
CAROLYN MACKENZIE

RADIATION SAFETY OFFICER

ASSOCIATE DIRECTOR,  ENVIRONMENT, HEALTH & SAFETY

DATE/TIME:
MON, 10/23/2017 - 4:00PM TO 5:00PM
LOCATION:
3105 ETCHEVERRY HALL
Fall 2017 Colloquium Series
Abstract:
Working with Journalists for Better Reporting on Radiation Incidents

In the event of a radiation incident such as the use of a dirty bomb or nuclear reactor incident, accurate and swift reporting is vital to public safety. Journalists play a key role in communicating information to the public in the aftermath of an emergency. The public is told to “stay tuned” for announcements and instructions that will be delivered via news media sources. In the case of a radiation incident,​ experts need to partner with journalists to get their message out in a timely and accurate manner. This talk will provide guidelines on how nuclear engineers can assist journalists in getting important radiation safety information out quickly and accurately.

About the Speaker:

Carolyn MacKenzie is a board certified health physicist with her Masters in Biophysics and is currently working as the Radiation Safety Officer for UC Berkeley.  She has previously worked at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory in radiation protection and international radioactive source security. She led efforts in 2004-7 in radioactive source search and secure throughout the world, as well as the development of a radiation warning symbol for the International Atomic Energy Agency. ​ In 2008-2012, she worked with the National Nuclear Security Administration on the Global Threat Reduction Initiative securing radioactive sources in African countries. She has also supported the Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty Organization by leading training of international inspectors in how to locate radioactive sources.

Transport Methods for Nuclear Nonproliferation Applications: Deterministic Cost Optimization and Monte Carlo Interface Perturbation Theory

brian-kiedrowski
SPEAKER:
BRIAN KIEDROWSKI

ASSISTANT PROFESSOR

DATE/TIME:
MON, 10/16/2017 - 4:00PM TO 5:00PM
LOCATION:
3105 ETCHEVERRY HALL
Fall 2017 Colloquium Series
Abstract:

Two different particle transport methods currently being developed for the Consortium for Nonproliferation Enabling Capabilities will be presented. The first involves using deterministic calculations to estimate variances and computational times for optimizing variance reduction parameters with a specific focus on the DXTRAN technique. The second is a novel approach for estimating response sensitivities of interface locations using kernel density estimators.

About the Speaker:

Brian Kiedrowski received his PhD at the University of Wisconsin-Madison in 2009 in Nuclear Engineering and Engineering Physics the area of computational neutron transport. Following graduation, he was a member of the MCNP development team in the Computational Physics Division at Los Alamos National Laboratory. In 2014, he joined the faculty at the University of Michigan as an assistant professor in the Nuclear Engineering and Radiological Sciences Department. His research areas include Monte Carlo particle transport and hybrid methods, sensitivity and uncertainty quantification methods, and nuclear nonproliferation. He is currently serving as a Co-PI for the Consortium for Nonproliferation Enabling Capabilities.

Space Radiation and its Impact on Human Exploration of the Solar System

JackMiller
SPEAKER:
JACK MILLER, PH.D.

GUEST SCIENTIST, MOLECULAR BIOPHYSICS AND INTEGRATED BIOIMAGING DIVISION,

LAWRENCE BERKELEY NATIONAL LABORATORY          

CONSULTANT, NASA AMES RESEARCH CENTER

CO-EDITOR FOR PHYSICAL SCIENCES, LIFE SCIENCES IN SPACE RESEARCH

DATE/TIME:
MON, 10/09/2017 - 4:00PM TO 5:00PM
LOCATION:
3105 ETCHEVERRY HALL
Fall 2017 Colloquium Series
Abstract:

Ionizing radiation is known to lead to health effects including cancer, cataracts and damage to the cardiovascular and central nervous systems, and radiation in space is considered to be one of the principal hazards to the crews that will venture out into the solar system in the coming decades. I will review the composition of the space radiation field, the physics of its interactions in spacecraft and tissue and its biological effects and how they can be simulated on Earth, and discuss potential physical, biological and operational countermeasures.

About the Speaker:

Ph.D. research in experimental high energy nuclear physics at the LBL Bevalac. Starting in 1988, led a team studying nuclear fragmentation and transport in materials and biological systems at accelerators including the Bevalac, BNL AGS, 88” cyclotron, the Heavy Ion Medical Accelerator at Chiba, Japan and the Loma Linda University Proton Therapy Facility.   Following the closing of the Bevalac and its biomedical facility, co-led a multi-institution collaboration to establish a hadron radiation biology facility, the NASA Space Radiation Laboratory, at Brookhaven National Laboratory.  Current research interests include nuclear fragmentation and transport, biophysical effects and dosimetry of high energy heavy charged particles, and development of an integrated approach--incorporating physics, biology, spacecraft design and mission architecture--to radiation health effects on humans on exploration missions beyond low Earth orbit.

Modeling, Identification, & Fault Diagnostics of Batteries

ScottMoura
SPEAKER:
SCOTT MOURA

ASSISTANT PROFESSOR | DIRECTOR OF ECAL

UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, BERKELEY

DATE/TIME:
MON, 09/18/2018 - 4:00PM TO 5:00PM
LOCATION:
3105 ETCHEVERRY HALL
Fall 2017 Colloquium Series
Abstract:

Batteries are ubiquitous. However, today’s batteries are expensive, range-limited, power-restricted, die too quickly, charge too slowly, and susceptible to safety issues. For this reason, model-based battery management systems are of extreme interest. In this talk, we discuss eCAL’s recent research on electrochemical-thermal battery models, optimal experiment design for parameter identification, and fault diagnostics. Finally, we close with exciting new perspectives for next-generation battery systems.

About the Speaker:

Scott Moura is an Assistant Professor at the University of California, Berkeley in Civil & Environmental Engineering. He is also Director of eCAL, Faculty Scientist at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, and PI at the Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute. He received the Ph.D. degree from the University of Michigan in 2011, the M.S. degree from the University of Michigan in 2008, and the B.S. degree from the UC Berkeley, in 2006 - all in Mechanical Engineering. He was a postdoctoral scholar at UC San Diego in the Cymer Center for Control Systems and Dynamics, and a visiting researcher in the Centre Automatique et Systèmes at MINES ParisTech in Paris, France. He is a recipient of the O. Hugo Shuck Best Paper Award, Carol D. Soc Distinguished Graduate Student

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